IV Catheter Placement

Clinical Objective

Place and maintain peripheral or central intravenous catheters using aseptic technique that minimizes the risk of bloodstream infection over the duration of the catheter.

Why This Matters

Catheter-related bloodstream infection is a recognized cause of postoperative morbidity. Aseptic placement is the single most modifiable risk factor.

Critical Control Points

• Skin preparation with chlorhexidine-alcohol before insertion

• Aseptic technique during placement

• Sterile transparent dressing applied at insertion

Step-by-Step Protocol

1. 1

   Select an appropriate vein and clip the site if hair is dense.

2. 2

   Perform aseptic skin preparation with 2% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol; allow to dry.

3. 3

   Don clean or sterile gloves per the institutional protocol; handle the catheter aseptically.

4. 4

   Place the catheter with a single, controlled stick where possible — multiple punctures elevate risk.

5. 5

   Apply a sterile transparent dressing immediately, with the catheter hub visible for monitoring.

6. 6

   Document placement date and time; replace per protocol or sooner if any concern arises.

Key Pitfalls

• Skipping skin antisepsis 'because the patient is already prepped'.

• Using the same hand to handle both the unprepped skin and the catheter tip.

• Securing the catheter with tape over the insertion site, obscuring inspection.

• Leaving catheters in beyond standard duration without indication.